Zaiss NH, Witte W, Nübel U (2010): Fluoroquinolone resistance and Clostridium difficile, Germany
Emerg. Infect. Dis. 16 (4): 675-677.

We characterized 670 Clostridium difficile isolates collected from patients in 84 hospitals in Germany in 2008. PCR ribotyping showed high prevalence of ribotype 001 and restricted dissemination of ribotype 027 strains. Fluoroquinolone resistance and associated gyrase mutations were frequent in various ribotypes, but no resistance to metronidazole or vancomycin was noted.